From 91dca97d8363df816fe3498057732b5d238658ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 7 Jul 2025 21:55:32 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 01/10] TODO: add read/write lock

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py | 138 +++++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 85 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index 3b640df1..8f45495f 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -31,6 +31,29 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
         Mplex,
     )
 
+class ReadWriteLock:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._readers = 0
+        self._lock = trio.Lock()  # Protects _readers
+        self._write_lock = trio.Lock()
+
+    async def acquire_read(self):
+        async with self._lock:
+            self._readers += 1
+            if self._readers == 1:
+                await self._write_lock.acquire()
+
+    async def release_read(self):
+        async with self._lock:
+            self._readers -= 1
+            if self._readers == 0:
+                self._write_lock.release()
+
+    async def acquire_write(self):
+        await self._write_lock.acquire()
+
+    def release_write(self):
+        self._write_lock.release()
 
 class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
     """
@@ -39,17 +62,17 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
 
     name: str
     stream_id: StreamID
-    # NOTE: All methods used here are part of `Mplex` which is a derived
+    # NOTE: All methods used here are part of Mplex which is a derived
     # class of IMuxedConn. Ignoring this type assignment should not pose
     # any risk.
     muxed_conn: "Mplex"  # type: ignore[assignment]
     read_deadline: int | None
     write_deadline: int | None
 
-    # TODO: Add lock for read/write to avoid interleaving receiving messages?
+    rw_lock: ReadWriteLock
     close_lock: trio.Lock
 
-    # NOTE: `dataIn` is size of 8 in Go implementation.
+    # NOTE: dataIn is size of 8 in Go implementation.
     incoming_data_channel: "trio.MemoryReceiveChannel[bytes]"
 
     event_local_closed: trio.Event
@@ -80,6 +103,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
         self.event_remote_closed = trio.Event()
         self.event_reset = trio.Event()
         self.close_lock = trio.Lock()
+        self.rw_lock = ReadWriteLock()
         self.incoming_data_channel = incoming_data_channel
         self._buf = bytearray()
 
@@ -106,55 +130,59 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
 
     async def read(self, n: int | None = None) -> bytes:
         """
-        Read up to n bytes. Read possibly returns fewer than `n` bytes, if
-        there are not enough bytes in the Mplex buffer. If `n is None`, read
+        Read up to n bytes. Read possibly returns fewer than n bytes, if
+        there are not enough bytes in the Mplex buffer. If n is None, read
         until EOF.
 
         :param n: number of bytes to read
         :return: bytes actually read
         """
-        if n is not None and n < 0:
-            raise ValueError(
-                "the number of bytes to read `n` must be non-negative or "
-                f"`None` to indicate read until EOF, got n={n}"
-            )
-        if self.event_reset.is_set():
-            raise MplexStreamReset
-        if n is None:
-            return await self._read_until_eof()
-        if len(self._buf) == 0:
-            data: bytes
-            # Peek whether there is data available. If yes, we just read until there is
-            # no data, then return.
-            try:
-                data = self.incoming_data_channel.receive_nowait()
-                self._buf.extend(data)
-            except trio.EndOfChannel:
-                raise MplexStreamEOF
-            except trio.WouldBlock:
-                # We know `receive` will be blocked here. Wait for data here with
-                # `receive` and catch all kinds of errors here.
+        await self.rw_lock.acquire_read()
+        try:
+            if n is not None and n < 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "the number of bytes to read n must be non-negative or "
+                    f"None to indicate read until EOF, got n={n}"
+                )
+            if self.event_reset.is_set():
+                raise MplexStreamReset
+            if n is None:
+                return await self._read_until_eof()
+            if len(self._buf) == 0:
+                data: bytes
+                # Peek whether there is data available. If yes, we just read until there is
+                # no data, then return.
                 try:
-                    data = await self.incoming_data_channel.receive()
+                    data = self.incoming_data_channel.receive_nowait()
                     self._buf.extend(data)
                 except trio.EndOfChannel:
-                    if self.event_reset.is_set():
-                        raise MplexStreamReset
-                    if self.event_remote_closed.is_set():
-                        raise MplexStreamEOF
-                except trio.ClosedResourceError as error:
-                    # Probably `incoming_data_channel` is closed in `reset` when we are
-                    # waiting for `receive`.
-                    if self.event_reset.is_set():
-                        raise MplexStreamReset
-                    raise Exception(
-                        "`incoming_data_channel` is closed but stream is not reset. "
-                        "This should never happen."
-                    ) from error
-        self._buf.extend(self._read_return_when_blocked())
-        payload = self._buf[:n]
-        self._buf = self._buf[len(payload) :]
-        return bytes(payload)
+                    raise MplexStreamEOF
+                except trio.WouldBlock:
+                    # We know receive will be blocked here. Wait for data here with
+                    # receive and catch all kinds of errors here.
+                    try:
+                        data = await self.incoming_data_channel.receive()
+                        self._buf.extend(data)
+                    except trio.EndOfChannel:
+                        if self.event_reset.is_set():
+                            raise MplexStreamReset
+                        if self.event_remote_closed.is_set():
+                            raise MplexStreamEOF
+                    except trio.ClosedResourceError as error:
+                        # Probably incoming_data_channel is closed in reset when we are
+                        # waiting for receive.
+                        if self.event_reset.is_set():
+                            raise MplexStreamReset
+                        raise Exception(
+                            "incoming_data_channel is closed but stream is not reset. "
+                            "This should never happen."
+                        ) from error
+            self._buf.extend(self._read_return_when_blocked())
+            payload = self._buf[:n]
+            self._buf = self._buf[len(payload) :]
+            return bytes(payload)
+        finally:
+            await self.rw_lock.release_read()
 
     async def write(self, data: bytes) -> None:
         """
@@ -162,14 +190,18 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
 
         :return: number of bytes written
         """
-        if self.event_local_closed.is_set():
-            raise MplexStreamClosed(f"cannot write to closed stream: data={data!r}")
-        flag = (
-            HeaderTags.MessageInitiator
-            if self.is_initiator
-            else HeaderTags.MessageReceiver
-        )
-        await self.muxed_conn.send_message(flag, data, self.stream_id)
+        await self.rw_lock.acquire_write()
+        try:
+            if self.event_local_closed.is_set():
+                raise MplexStreamClosed(f"cannot write to closed stream: data={data!r}")
+            flag = (
+                HeaderTags.MessageInitiator
+                if self.is_initiator
+                else HeaderTags.MessageReceiver
+            )
+            await self.muxed_conn.send_message(flag, data, self.stream_id)
+        finally:
+            self.rw_lock.release_write()
 
     async def close(self) -> None:
         """
@@ -185,7 +217,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
         flag = (
             HeaderTags.CloseInitiator if self.is_initiator else HeaderTags.CloseReceiver
         )
-        # TODO: Raise when `muxed_conn.send_message` fails and `Mplex` isn't shutdown.
+        # TODO: Raise when muxed_conn.send_message fails and Mplex isn't shutdown.
         await self.muxed_conn.send_message(flag, None, self.stream_id)
 
         _is_remote_closed: bool

From 75abc8b863f6804d5be7206c66302e7f1b9052e3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2025 07:35:45 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 02/10] run ruff format

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py | 2 ++
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index 8f45495f..a7a510b6 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
         Mplex,
     )
 
+
 class ReadWriteLock:
     def __init__(self):
         self._readers = 0
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ class ReadWriteLock:
     def release_write(self):
         self._write_lock.release()
 
+
 class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
     """
     reference: https://github.com/libp2p/go-mplex/blob/master/stream.go

From 8fb664bfdfd1df7e2a840d1797c1d5d749ea88c0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2025 18:34:30 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 03/10] Fix: linting errors

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py | 15 ++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index a7a510b6..7c5dc6ab 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -33,27 +33,27 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
 
 class ReadWriteLock:
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
         self._readers = 0
         self._lock = trio.Lock()  # Protects _readers
         self._write_lock = trio.Lock()
 
-    async def acquire_read(self):
+    async def acquire_read(self) -> None:
         async with self._lock:
             self._readers += 1
             if self._readers == 1:
                 await self._write_lock.acquire()
 
-    async def release_read(self):
+    async def release_read(self) -> None:
         async with self._lock:
             self._readers -= 1
             if self._readers == 0:
                 self._write_lock.release()
 
-    async def acquire_write(self):
+    async def acquire_write(self) -> None:
         await self._write_lock.acquire()
 
-    def release_write(self):
+    def release_write(self) -> None:
         self._write_lock.release()
 
 
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
                 return await self._read_until_eof()
             if len(self._buf) == 0:
                 data: bytes
-                # Peek whether there is data available. If yes, we just read until there is
-                # no data, then return.
+                # Peek whether there is data available. If yes, we just read until
+                # there is no data, then return.
                 try:
                     data = self.incoming_data_channel.receive_nowait()
                     self._buf.extend(data)
@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
             return bytes(payload)
         finally:
             await self.rw_lock.release_read()
+            return b""
 
     async def write(self, data: bytes) -> None:
         """

From e65e38a3f1fbdebcff1b71374ed2256ea48c441c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2025 19:11:56 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 04/10] fix: linting error related to read

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py | 9 +++++----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index 7c5dc6ab..9c5f04da 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
         :return: bytes actually read
         """
         await self.rw_lock.acquire_read()
+        payload: bytes = b""
         try:
             if n is not None and n < 0:
                 raise ValueError(
@@ -180,12 +181,12 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
                             "This should never happen."
                         ) from error
             self._buf.extend(self._read_return_when_blocked())
-            payload = self._buf[:n]
-            self._buf = self._buf[len(payload) :]
-            return bytes(payload)
+            chunk = self._buf[:n]
+            self._buf = self._buf[len(chunk) :]
+            payload = bytes(chunk)
         finally:
             await self.rw_lock.release_read()
-            return b""
+        return payload
 
     async def write(self, data: bytes) -> None:
         """

From 5f497c7f5dab497ccc8017f024e40c51959a5c3d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2025 19:17:43 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 05/10] add file in newsfragments folder

---
 newsfragments/748.feature.rst | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 newsfragments/748.feature.rst

diff --git a/newsfragments/748.feature.rst b/newsfragments/748.feature.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..199e5b3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/newsfragments/748.feature.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ Add lock for read/write to avoid interleaving receiving messages in mplex_stream.py

From 242998ae9ddee4fac12d2409e88fd883471b8c2c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 8 Jul 2025 20:06:30 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 06/10] add test for read-write-lock

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py     |  16 +-
 .../mplex/test_read_write_lock.py             | 203 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 211 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/test_read_write_lock.py

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index 9c5f04da..e6b98244 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -35,26 +35,26 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 class ReadWriteLock:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self._readers = 0
-        self._lock = trio.Lock()  # Protects _readers
-        self._write_lock = trio.Lock()
+        self._readers_lock = trio.Lock()  # Protects readers count
+        self._writer_lock = trio.Semaphore(1)  # Acts like a task-transferable lock
 
     async def acquire_read(self) -> None:
-        async with self._lock:
+        async with self._readers_lock:
             self._readers += 1
             if self._readers == 1:
-                await self._write_lock.acquire()
+                await self._writer_lock.acquire()
 
     async def release_read(self) -> None:
-        async with self._lock:
+        async with self._readers_lock:
             self._readers -= 1
             if self._readers == 0:
-                self._write_lock.release()
+                self._writer_lock.release()
 
     async def acquire_write(self) -> None:
-        await self._write_lock.acquire()
+        await self._writer_lock.acquire()
 
     def release_write(self) -> None:
-        self._write_lock.release()
+        self._writer_lock.release()
 
 
 class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/test_read_write_lock.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/test_read_write_lock.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c52aa36c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/test_read_write_lock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+
+import pytest
+import trio
+
+from libp2p.stream_muxer.mplex.mplex_stream import MplexStream, StreamID
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def stream_with_lock() -> tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]]:
+    muxed_conn = MagicMock()
+    muxed_conn.send_message = AsyncMock()
+    muxed_conn.streams_lock = trio.Lock()
+    muxed_conn.streams = {}
+    muxed_conn.get_remote_address = MagicMock(return_value=("127.0.0.1", 8000))
+
+    send_chan: trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]
+    recv_chan: trio.MemoryReceiveChannel[bytes]
+    send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(0)
+
+    dummy_stream_id = MagicMock(spec=StreamID)
+    dummy_stream_id.is_initiator = True  # mock read-only property
+
+    stream = MplexStream(
+        name="test",
+        stream_id=dummy_stream_id,
+        muxed_conn=muxed_conn,
+        incoming_data_channel=recv_chan,
+    )
+    return stream, send_chan
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_writing_blocked_if_read_in_progress(
+    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
+) -> None:
+    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
+    log: list[str] = []
+
+    async def reader() -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
+        log.append("read_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.3)
+        log.append("read_released")
+        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
+
+    async def writer() -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
+        log.append("write_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.1)
+        log.append("write_released")
+        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
+
+    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+        nursery.start_soon(reader)
+        await trio.sleep(0.05)
+        nursery.start_soon(writer)
+
+    assert log == [
+        "read_acquired",
+        "read_released",
+        "write_acquired",
+        "write_released",
+    ], f"Unexpected order: {log}"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_reading_blocked_if_write_in_progress(
+    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
+) -> None:
+    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
+    log: list[str] = []
+
+    async def writer() -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
+        log.append("write_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.3)
+        log.append("write_released")
+        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
+
+    async def reader() -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
+        log.append("read_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.1)
+        log.append("read_released")
+        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
+
+    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+        nursery.start_soon(writer)
+        await trio.sleep(0.05)
+        nursery.start_soon(reader)
+
+    assert log == [
+        "write_acquired",
+        "write_released",
+        "read_acquired",
+        "read_released",
+    ], f"Unexpected order: {log}"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_multiple_reads_allowed_concurrently(
+    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
+) -> None:
+    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
+    log: list[str] = []
+
+    async def read_task(i: int) -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
+        log.append(f"read_{i}_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.2)
+        log.append(f"read_{i}_released")
+        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
+
+    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+        for i in range(5):
+            nursery.start_soon(read_task, i)
+
+    acquires = [entry for entry in log if "acquired" in entry]
+    releases = [entry for entry in log if "released" in entry]
+
+    assert len(acquires) == 5 and len(releases) == 5, "Not all reads executed"
+    assert all(
+        log.index(acq) < min(log.index(rel) for rel in releases) for acq in acquires
+    ), f"Reads didn't overlap properly: {log}"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_only_one_write_allowed(
+    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
+) -> None:
+    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
+    log: list[str] = []
+
+    async def write_task(i: int) -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
+        log.append(f"write_{i}_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.2)
+        log.append(f"write_{i}_released")
+        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
+
+    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+        for i in range(5):
+            nursery.start_soon(write_task, i)
+
+    active = 0
+    for entry in log:
+        if "acquired" in entry:
+            active += 1
+        elif "released" in entry:
+            active -= 1
+        assert active <= 1, f"More than one write active: {log}"
+    assert active == 0, f"Write locks not properly released: {log}"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_interleaved_read_write_behavior(
+    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
+) -> None:
+    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
+    log: list[str] = []
+
+    async def read(i: int) -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
+        log.append(f"read_{i}_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.15)
+        log.append(f"read_{i}_released")
+        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
+
+    async def write(i: int) -> None:
+        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
+        log.append(f"write_{i}_acquired")
+        await trio.sleep(0.2)
+        log.append(f"write_{i}_released")
+        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
+
+    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+        nursery.start_soon(read, 1)
+        await trio.sleep(0.05)
+        nursery.start_soon(read, 2)
+        await trio.sleep(0.05)
+        nursery.start_soon(write, 1)
+        await trio.sleep(0.05)
+        nursery.start_soon(read, 3)
+        await trio.sleep(0.05)
+        nursery.start_soon(write, 2)
+
+    read1_released = log.index("read_1_released")
+    read2_released = log.index("read_2_released")
+    write1_acquired = log.index("write_1_acquired")
+    assert write1_acquired > read1_released and write1_acquired > read2_released, (
+        f"write_1 acquired too early: {log}"
+    )
+
+    read3_acquired = log.index("read_3_acquired")
+    read3_released = log.index("read_3_released")
+    write1_released = log.index("write_1_released")
+    assert read3_released < write1_acquired or read3_acquired > write1_released, (
+        f"read_3 improperly overlapped with write_1: {log}"
+    )
+
+    write2_acquired = log.index("write_2_acquired")
+    assert write2_acquired > write1_released, f"write_2 started too early: {log}"

From 26ed99dafda8aa65359353182a4ad48238a52883 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2025 18:09:07 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 07/10] change tests path

---
 .../mplex => tests/core/stream_muxer}/test_read_write_lock.py     | 0
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 rename {libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex => tests/core/stream_muxer}/test_read_write_lock.py (100%)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/test_read_write_lock.py b/tests/core/stream_muxer/test_read_write_lock.py
similarity index 100%
rename from libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/test_read_write_lock.py
rename to tests/core/stream_muxer/test_read_write_lock.py

From cda163fc48d32033fe45b3fb3bc9543ec5345aaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 9 Jul 2025 18:18:37 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 08/10] change ReadWriteLock class

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py | 41 +++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 35 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index e6b98244..91f872d4 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
 from types import (
     TracebackType,
 )
@@ -36,13 +38,21 @@ class ReadWriteLock:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self._readers = 0
         self._readers_lock = trio.Lock()  # Protects readers count
-        self._writer_lock = trio.Semaphore(1)  # Acts like a task-transferable lock
+        self._writer_lock = trio.Semaphore(1)  # Ensures mutual exclusion for writers
 
     async def acquire_read(self) -> None:
-        async with self._readers_lock:
-            self._readers += 1
-            if self._readers == 1:
-                await self._writer_lock.acquire()
+        try:
+            async with self._readers_lock:
+                self._readers += 1
+                if self._readers == 1:
+                    await self._writer_lock.acquire()
+        except trio.Cancelled:
+            async with self._readers_lock:
+                if self._readers > 0:
+                    self._readers -= 1
+                    if self._readers == 0:
+                        self._writer_lock.release()
+            raise
 
     async def release_read(self) -> None:
         async with self._readers_lock:
@@ -51,11 +61,30 @@ class ReadWriteLock:
                 self._writer_lock.release()
 
     async def acquire_write(self) -> None:
-        await self._writer_lock.acquire()
+        try:
+            await self._writer_lock.acquire()
+        except trio.Cancelled:
+            raise
 
     def release_write(self) -> None:
         self._writer_lock.release()
 
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def read_lock(self) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
+        await self.acquire_read()
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            await self.release_read()
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def write_lock(self) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
+        await self.acquire_write()
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.release_write()
+
 
 class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
     """

From 9cd38055427903b1d1beddcefe3452555d93f55f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Jul 2025 18:37:44 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 09/10] make readwrite more safe

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py     |  62 +-
 .../core/stream_muxer/test_read_write_lock.py | 731 +++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 593 insertions(+), 200 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index 91f872d4..7e439160 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -35,55 +35,69 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
 
 class ReadWriteLock:
+    """
+    A read-write lock that allows multiple concurrent readers
+    or one exclusive writer, implemented using Trio primitives.
+    """
+
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self._readers = 0
-        self._readers_lock = trio.Lock()  # Protects readers count
-        self._writer_lock = trio.Semaphore(1)  # Ensures mutual exclusion for writers
+        self._readers_lock = trio.Lock()  # Protects access to _readers count
+        self._writer_lock = trio.Semaphore(1)  # Allows only one writer at a time
 
     async def acquire_read(self) -> None:
+        """Acquire a read lock. Multiple readers can hold it simultaneously."""
         try:
             async with self._readers_lock:
-                self._readers += 1
-                if self._readers == 1:
+                if self._readers == 0:
                     await self._writer_lock.acquire()
+                self._readers += 1
         except trio.Cancelled:
-            async with self._readers_lock:
-                if self._readers > 0:
-                    self._readers -= 1
-                    if self._readers == 0:
-                        self._writer_lock.release()
             raise
 
     async def release_read(self) -> None:
+        """Release a read lock."""
         async with self._readers_lock:
-            self._readers -= 1
-            if self._readers == 0:
+            if self._readers == 1:
                 self._writer_lock.release()
+            self._readers -= 1
 
     async def acquire_write(self) -> None:
+        """Acquire an exclusive write lock."""
         try:
             await self._writer_lock.acquire()
         except trio.Cancelled:
             raise
 
     def release_write(self) -> None:
+        """Release the exclusive write lock."""
         self._writer_lock.release()
 
     @asynccontextmanager
     async def read_lock(self) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
-        await self.acquire_read()
+        """Context manager for acquiring and releasing a read lock safely."""
+        acquire = False
         try:
+            await self.acquire_read()
+            acquire = True
             yield
         finally:
-            await self.release_read()
+            if acquire:
+                with trio.CancelScope() as scope:
+                    scope.shield = True
+                    await self.release_read()
 
     @asynccontextmanager
     async def write_lock(self) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
-        await self.acquire_write()
+        """Context manager for acquiring and releasing a write lock safely."""
+        acquire = False
         try:
+            await self.acquire_write()
+            acquire = True
             yield
         finally:
-            self.release_write()
+            if acquire:
+                self.release_write()
 
 
 class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
@@ -168,9 +182,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
         :param n: number of bytes to read
         :return: bytes actually read
         """
-        await self.rw_lock.acquire_read()
-        payload: bytes = b""
-        try:
+        async with self.rw_lock.read_lock():
             if n is not None and n < 0:
                 raise ValueError(
                     "the number of bytes to read n must be non-negative or "
@@ -210,12 +222,9 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
                             "This should never happen."
                         ) from error
             self._buf.extend(self._read_return_when_blocked())
-            chunk = self._buf[:n]
-            self._buf = self._buf[len(chunk) :]
-            payload = bytes(chunk)
-        finally:
-            await self.rw_lock.release_read()
-        return payload
+            payload = self._buf[:n]
+            self._buf = self._buf[len(payload) :]
+            return bytes(payload)
 
     async def write(self, data: bytes) -> None:
         """
@@ -223,8 +232,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
 
         :return: number of bytes written
         """
-        await self.rw_lock.acquire_write()
-        try:
+        async with self.rw_lock.write_lock():
             if self.event_local_closed.is_set():
                 raise MplexStreamClosed(f"cannot write to closed stream: data={data!r}")
             flag = (
@@ -233,8 +241,6 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
                 else HeaderTags.MessageReceiver
             )
             await self.muxed_conn.send_message(flag, data, self.stream_id)
-        finally:
-            self.rw_lock.release_write()
 
     async def close(self) -> None:
         """
diff --git a/tests/core/stream_muxer/test_read_write_lock.py b/tests/core/stream_muxer/test_read_write_lock.py
index c52aa36c..621f3841 100644
--- a/tests/core/stream_muxer/test_read_write_lock.py
+++ b/tests/core/stream_muxer/test_read_write_lock.py
@@ -1,203 +1,590 @@
-from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+from typing import Any, cast
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
 import trio
+from trio.testing import wait_all_tasks_blocked
 
-from libp2p.stream_muxer.mplex.mplex_stream import MplexStream, StreamID
+from libp2p.stream_muxer.exceptions import (
+    MuxedConnUnavailable,
+)
+from libp2p.stream_muxer.mplex.constants import HeaderTags
+from libp2p.stream_muxer.mplex.datastructures import StreamID
+from libp2p.stream_muxer.mplex.exceptions import (
+    MplexStreamClosed,
+    MplexStreamEOF,
+    MplexStreamReset,
+)
+from libp2p.stream_muxer.mplex.mplex_stream import MplexStream
+
+
+class MockMuxedConn:
+    """A mock Mplex connection for testing purposes."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.sent_messages = []
+        self.streams: dict[StreamID, MplexStream] = {}
+        self.streams_lock = trio.Lock()
+        self.is_unavailable = False
+
+    async def send_message(
+        self, flag: HeaderTags, data: bytes | None, stream_id: StreamID
+    ) -> None:
+        """Mocks sending a message over the connection."""
+        if self.is_unavailable:
+            raise MuxedConnUnavailable("Connection is unavailable")
+        self.sent_messages.append((flag, data, stream_id))
+        # Yield to allow other tasks to run
+        await trio.lowlevel.checkpoint()
+
+    def get_remote_address(self) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Mocks getting the remote address."""
+        return "127.0.0.1", 4001
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def stream_with_lock() -> tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]]:
-    muxed_conn = MagicMock()
-    muxed_conn.send_message = AsyncMock()
-    muxed_conn.streams_lock = trio.Lock()
-    muxed_conn.streams = {}
-    muxed_conn.get_remote_address = MagicMock(return_value=("127.0.0.1", 8000))
+async def mplex_stream():
+    """Provides a fully initialized MplexStream and its communication channels."""
+    # Use a buffered channel to prevent deadlocks in simple tests
+    send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(10)
+    stream_id = StreamID(1, is_initiator=True)
+    muxed_conn = MockMuxedConn()
+    stream = MplexStream("test-stream", stream_id, cast(Any, muxed_conn), recv_chan)
+    muxed_conn.streams[stream_id] = stream
 
-    send_chan: trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]
-    recv_chan: trio.MemoryReceiveChannel[bytes]
-    send_chan, recv_chan = trio.open_memory_channel(0)
+    yield stream, send_chan, muxed_conn
 
-    dummy_stream_id = MagicMock(spec=StreamID)
-    dummy_stream_id.is_initiator = True  # mock read-only property
+    # Cleanup: Close channels and reset stream state
+    await send_chan.aclose()
+    await recv_chan.aclose()
+    # Reset stream state to prevent cross-test contamination
+    stream.event_local_closed = trio.Event()
+    stream.event_remote_closed = trio.Event()
+    stream.event_reset = trio.Event()
 
-    stream = MplexStream(
-        name="test",
-        stream_id=dummy_stream_id,
-        muxed_conn=muxed_conn,
-        incoming_data_channel=recv_chan,
-    )
-    return stream, send_chan
+
+# ===============================================
+# 1. Tests for Stream-Level Lock Integration
+# ===============================================
 
 
 @pytest.mark.trio
-async def test_writing_blocked_if_read_in_progress(
-    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
-) -> None:
-    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
-    log: list[str] = []
+async def test_stream_write_is_protected_by_rwlock(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify that stream.write() acquires and releases the write lock."""
+    stream, _, muxed_conn = mplex_stream
 
-    async def reader() -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
-        log.append("read_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.3)
-        log.append("read_released")
-        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
+    # Mock lock methods
+    original_acquire = stream.rw_lock.acquire_write
+    original_release = stream.rw_lock.release_write
 
-    async def writer() -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
-        log.append("write_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.1)
-        log.append("write_released")
-        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
+    stream.rw_lock.acquire_write = AsyncMock(wraps=original_acquire)
+    stream.rw_lock.release_write = MagicMock(wraps=original_release)
+
+    await stream.write(b"test data")
+
+    stream.rw_lock.acquire_write.assert_awaited_once()
+    stream.rw_lock.release_write.assert_called_once()
+
+    # Verify the message was actually sent
+    assert len(muxed_conn.sent_messages) == 1
+    flag, data, stream_id = muxed_conn.sent_messages[0]
+    assert flag == HeaderTags.MessageInitiator
+    assert data == b"test data"
+    assert stream_id == stream.stream_id
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_stream_read_is_protected_by_rwlock(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify that stream.read() acquires and releases the read lock."""
+    stream, send_chan, _ = mplex_stream
+
+    # Mock lock methods
+    original_acquire = stream.rw_lock.acquire_read
+    original_release = stream.rw_lock.release_read
+
+    stream.rw_lock.acquire_read = AsyncMock(wraps=original_acquire)
+    stream.rw_lock.release_read = AsyncMock(wraps=original_release)
+
+    await send_chan.send(b"hello")
+    result = await stream.read(5)
+
+    stream.rw_lock.acquire_read.assert_awaited_once()
+    stream.rw_lock.release_read.assert_awaited_once()
+    assert result == b"hello"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_multiple_readers_can_coexist(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify multiple readers can operate concurrently."""
+    stream, send_chan, _ = mplex_stream
+
+    # Send enough data for both reads
+    await send_chan.send(b"data1")
+    await send_chan.send(b"data2")
+
+    # Track lock acquisition order
+    acquisition_order = []
+    release_order = []
+
+    # Patch lock methods to track concurrency
+    original_acquire = stream.rw_lock.acquire_read
+    original_release = stream.rw_lock.release_read
+
+    async def tracked_acquire():
+        nonlocal acquisition_order
+        acquisition_order.append("start")
+        await original_acquire()
+        acquisition_order.append("acquired")
+
+    async def tracked_release():
+        nonlocal release_order
+        release_order.append("start")
+        await original_release()
+        release_order.append("released")
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(
+            stream.rw_lock, "acquire_read", side_effect=tracked_acquire, autospec=True
+        ),
+        patch.object(
+            stream.rw_lock, "release_read", side_effect=tracked_release, autospec=True
+        ),
+    ):
+        # Execute concurrent reads
+        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+            nursery.start_soon(stream.read, 5)
+            nursery.start_soon(stream.read, 5)
+
+    # Verify both reads happened
+    assert acquisition_order.count("start") == 2
+    assert acquisition_order.count("acquired") == 2
+    assert release_order.count("start") == 2
+    assert release_order.count("released") == 2
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_writer_blocks_readers(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify that a writer blocks all readers and new readers queue behind."""
+    stream, send_chan, _ = mplex_stream
+
+    writer_acquired = trio.Event()
+    readers_ready = trio.Event()
+    writer_finished = trio.Event()
+    all_readers_started = trio.Event()
+    all_readers_done = trio.Event()
+
+    counters = {"reader_start_count": 0, "reader_done_count": 0}
+    reader_target = 3
+    reader_start_lock = trio.Lock()
+
+    # Patch write lock to control test flow
+    original_acquire_write = stream.rw_lock.acquire_write
+    original_release_write = stream.rw_lock.release_write
+
+    async def tracked_acquire_write():
+        await original_acquire_write()
+        writer_acquired.set()
+        # Wait for readers to queue up
+        await readers_ready.wait()
+
+    # Must be synchronous since real release_write is sync
+    def tracked_release_write():
+        original_release_write()
+        writer_finished.set()
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(
+            stream.rw_lock, "acquire_write", side_effect=tracked_acquire_write
+        ),
+        patch.object(
+            stream.rw_lock, "release_write", side_effect=tracked_release_write
+        ),
+    ):
+        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+            # Start writer
+            nursery.start_soon(stream.write, b"test")
+            await writer_acquired.wait()
+
+            # Start readers
+            async def reader_task():
+                async with reader_start_lock:
+                    counters["reader_start_count"] += 1
+                    if counters["reader_start_count"] == reader_target:
+                        all_readers_started.set()
+
+                try:
+                    # This will block until data is available
+                    await stream.read(5)
+                except (MplexStreamReset, MplexStreamEOF):
+                    pass
+                finally:
+                    async with reader_start_lock:
+                        counters["reader_done_count"] += 1
+                        if counters["reader_done_count"] == reader_target:
+                            all_readers_done.set()
+
+            for _ in range(reader_target):
+                nursery.start_soon(reader_task)
+
+            # Wait until all readers are started
+            await all_readers_started.wait()
+
+            # Let the writer finish and release the lock
+            readers_ready.set()
+            await writer_finished.wait()
+
+            # Send data to unblock the readers
+            for i in range(reader_target):
+                await send_chan.send(b"data" + str(i).encode())
+
+            # Wait for all readers to finish
+            await all_readers_done.wait()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_writer_waits_for_readers(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify a writer waits for existing readers to complete."""
+    stream, send_chan, _ = mplex_stream
+    readers_started = trio.Event()
+    writer_entered = trio.Event()
+    writer_acquiring = trio.Event()
+    readers_finished = trio.Event()
+
+    # Send data for readers
+    await send_chan.send(b"data1")
+    await send_chan.send(b"data2")
+
+    # Patch read lock to control test flow
+    original_acquire_read = stream.rw_lock.acquire_read
+
+    async def tracked_acquire_read():
+        await original_acquire_read()
+        readers_started.set()
+        # Wait until readers are allowed to finish
+        await readers_finished.wait()
+
+    # Patch write lock to detect when writer is blocked
+    original_acquire_write = stream.rw_lock.acquire_write
+
+    async def tracked_acquire_write():
+        writer_acquiring.set()
+        await original_acquire_write()
+        writer_entered.set()
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(stream.rw_lock, "acquire_read", side_effect=tracked_acquire_read),
+        patch.object(
+            stream.rw_lock, "acquire_write", side_effect=tracked_acquire_write
+        ),
+    ):
+        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+            # Start readers
+            nursery.start_soon(stream.read, 5)
+            nursery.start_soon(stream.read, 5)
+
+            # Wait for at least one reader to acquire the lock
+            await readers_started.wait()
+
+            # Start writer (should block)
+            nursery.start_soon(stream.write, b"test")
+
+            # Wait for writer to start acquiring lock
+            await writer_acquiring.wait()
+
+            # Verify writer hasn't entered critical section
+            assert not writer_entered.is_set()
+
+            # Allow readers to finish
+            readers_finished.set()
+
+            # Verify writer can proceed
+            await writer_entered.wait()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_lock_behavior_during_cancellation(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify that a lock is released when a task holding it is cancelled."""
+    stream, _, _ = mplex_stream
+
+    reader_acquired_lock = trio.Event()
+
+    async def cancellable_reader(task_status):
+        async with stream.rw_lock.read_lock():
+            reader_acquired_lock.set()
+            task_status.started()
+            # Wait indefinitely until cancelled.
+            await trio.sleep_forever()
+
+    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+        # Start the reader and wait for it to acquire the lock.
+        await nursery.start(cancellable_reader)
+        await reader_acquired_lock.wait()
+
+        # Now that the reader has the lock, cancel the nursery.
+        # This will cancel the reader task, and its lock should be released.
+        nursery.cancel_scope.cancel()
+
+    # After the nursery is cancelled, the reader should have released the lock.
+    # To verify, we try to acquire a write lock. If the read lock was not
+    # released, this will time out.
+    with trio.move_on_after(1) as cancel_scope:
+        async with stream.rw_lock.write_lock():
+            pass
+    if cancel_scope.cancelled_caught:
+        pytest.fail(
+            "Write lock could not be acquired after a cancelled reader, "
+            "indicating the read lock was not released."
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_concurrent_read_write_sequence(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify complex sequence of interleaved reads and writes."""
+    stream, send_chan, _ = mplex_stream
+    results = []
+    # Use a mock to intercept writes and feed them back to the read channel
+    original_write = stream.write
+
+    reader1_finished = trio.Event()
+    writer1_finished = trio.Event()
+    reader2_finished = trio.Event()
+
+    async def mocked_write(data: bytes) -> None:
+        await original_write(data)
+        # Simulate the other side receiving the data and sending a response
+        # by putting data into the read channel.
+        await send_chan.send(data)
+
+    with patch.object(stream, "write", wraps=mocked_write) as patched_write:
+        async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
+            # Test scenario:
+            # 1. Reader 1 starts, waits for data.
+            # 2. Writer 1 writes, which gets fed back to the stream.
+            # 3. Reader 2 starts, reads what Writer 1 wrote.
+            # 4. Writer 2 writes.
+
+            async def reader1():
+                nonlocal results
+                results.append("R1 start")
+                data = await stream.read(5)
+                results.append(data)
+                results.append("R1 done")
+                reader1_finished.set()
+
+            async def writer1():
+                nonlocal results
+                await reader1_finished.wait()
+                results.append("W1 start")
+                await stream.write(b"write1")
+                results.append("W1 done")
+                writer1_finished.set()
+
+            async def reader2():
+                nonlocal results
+                await writer1_finished.wait()
+                # This will read the data from writer1
+                results.append("R2 start")
+                data = await stream.read(6)
+                results.append(data)
+                results.append("R2 done")
+                reader2_finished.set()
+
+            async def writer2():
+                nonlocal results
+                await reader2_finished.wait()
+                results.append("W2 start")
+                await stream.write(b"write2")
+                results.append("W2 done")
+
+            # Execute sequence
+            nursery.start_soon(reader1)
+            nursery.start_soon(writer1)
+            nursery.start_soon(reader2)
+            nursery.start_soon(writer2)
+
+            await send_chan.send(b"data1")
+
+    # Verify sequence and that write was called
+    assert patched_write.call_count == 2
+    assert results == [
+        "R1 start",
+        b"data1",
+        "R1 done",
+        "W1 start",
+        "W1 done",
+        "R2 start",
+        b"write1",
+        "R2 done",
+        "W2 start",
+        "W2 done",
+    ]
+
+
+# ===============================================
+# 2. Tests for Reset, EOF, and Close Interactions
+# ===============================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_read_after_remote_close_triggers_eof(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify reading from a remotely closed stream returns EOF correctly."""
+    stream, send_chan, _ = mplex_stream
+
+    # Send some data that can be read first
+    await send_chan.send(b"data")
+    # Close the channel to signify no more data will ever arrive
+    await send_chan.aclose()
+
+    # Mark the stream as remotely closed
+    stream.event_remote_closed.set()
+
+    # The first read should succeed, consuming the buffered data
+    data = await stream.read(4)
+    assert data == b"data"
+
+    # Now that the buffer is empty and the channel is closed, this should raise EOF
+    with pytest.raises(MplexStreamEOF):
+        await stream.read(1)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_read_on_closed_stream_raises_eof(mplex_stream):
+    """Test that reading from a closed stream with no data raises EOF."""
+    stream, send_chan, _ = mplex_stream
+    stream.event_remote_closed.set()
+    await send_chan.aclose()  # Ensure the channel is closed
+
+    # Reading from a stream that is closed and has no data should raise EOF
+    with pytest.raises(MplexStreamEOF):
+        await stream.read(100)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_write_to_locally_closed_stream_raises(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify writing to a locally closed stream raises MplexStreamClosed."""
+    stream, _, _ = mplex_stream
+    stream.event_local_closed.set()
+
+    with pytest.raises(MplexStreamClosed):
+        await stream.write(b"this should fail")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_read_from_reset_stream_raises(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify reading from a reset stream raises MplexStreamReset."""
+    stream, _, _ = mplex_stream
+    stream.event_reset.set()
+
+    with pytest.raises(MplexStreamReset):
+        await stream.read(10)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_write_to_reset_stream_raises(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify writing to a reset stream raises MplexStreamClosed."""
+    stream, _, _ = mplex_stream
+    # A stream reset implies it's also locally closed.
+    await stream.reset()
+
+    # The `write` method checks `event_local_closed`, which `reset` sets.
+    with pytest.raises(MplexStreamClosed):
+        await stream.write(b"this should also fail")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_stream_reset_cleans_up_resources(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify reset() cleans up stream state and resources."""
+    stream, _, muxed_conn = mplex_stream
+    stream_id = stream.stream_id
+
+    assert stream_id in muxed_conn.streams
+    await stream.reset()
+
+    assert stream.event_reset.is_set()
+    assert stream.event_local_closed.is_set()
+    assert stream.event_remote_closed.is_set()
+    assert (HeaderTags.ResetInitiator, None, stream_id) in muxed_conn.sent_messages
+    assert stream_id not in muxed_conn.streams
+    # Verify the underlying data channel is closed
+    with pytest.raises(trio.ClosedResourceError):
+        await stream.incoming_data_channel.receive()
+
+
+# ===============================================
+# 3. Rigorous Concurrency Tests with Events
+# ===============================================
+
+
+@pytest.mark.trio
+async def test_writer_is_blocked_by_reader_using_events(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify a writer must wait for a reader using trio.Event for synchronization."""
+    stream, _, _ = mplex_stream
+
+    reader_has_lock = trio.Event()
+    writer_finished = trio.Event()
+
+    async def reader():
+        async with stream.rw_lock.read_lock():
+            reader_has_lock.set()
+            # Hold the lock until the writer has finished its attempt
+            await writer_finished.wait()
+
+    async def writer():
+        await reader_has_lock.wait()
+        # This call will now block until the reader releases the lock
+        await stream.write(b"data")
+        writer_finished.set()
 
     async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
         nursery.start_soon(reader)
-        await trio.sleep(0.05)
         nursery.start_soon(writer)
 
-    assert log == [
-        "read_acquired",
-        "read_released",
-        "write_acquired",
-        "write_released",
-    ], f"Unexpected order: {log}"
+        # Verify writer is blocked
+        await wait_all_tasks_blocked()
+        assert not writer_finished.is_set()
+
+        # Signal the reader to finish
+        writer_finished.set()
 
 
 @pytest.mark.trio
-async def test_reading_blocked_if_write_in_progress(
-    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
-) -> None:
-    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
-    log: list[str] = []
+async def test_multiple_readers_can_read_concurrently_using_events(mplex_stream):
+    """Verify that multiple readers can acquire a read lock simultaneously."""
+    stream, _, _ = mplex_stream
 
-    async def writer() -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
-        log.append("write_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.3)
-        log.append("write_released")
-        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
+    counters = {"readers_in_critical_section": 0}
+    lock = trio.Lock()  # To safely mutate the counter
 
-    async def reader() -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
-        log.append("read_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.1)
-        log.append("read_released")
-        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
+    reader1_acquired = trio.Event()
+    reader2_acquired = trio.Event()
+    all_readers_finished = trio.Event()
+
+    async def concurrent_reader(event_to_set: trio.Event):
+        async with stream.rw_lock.read_lock():
+            async with lock:
+                counters["readers_in_critical_section"] += 1
+            event_to_set.set()
+            # Wait until all readers have finished before exiting the lock context
+            await all_readers_finished.wait()
+            async with lock:
+                counters["readers_in_critical_section"] -= 1
 
     async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        nursery.start_soon(writer)
-        await trio.sleep(0.05)
-        nursery.start_soon(reader)
+        nursery.start_soon(concurrent_reader, reader1_acquired)
+        nursery.start_soon(concurrent_reader, reader2_acquired)
 
-    assert log == [
-        "write_acquired",
-        "write_released",
-        "read_acquired",
-        "read_released",
-    ], f"Unexpected order: {log}"
+        # Wait for both readers to acquire their locks
+        await reader1_acquired.wait()
+        await reader2_acquired.wait()
 
+        # Check that both were in the critical section at the same time
+        async with lock:
+            assert counters["readers_in_critical_section"] == 2
 
-@pytest.mark.trio
-async def test_multiple_reads_allowed_concurrently(
-    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
-) -> None:
-    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
-    log: list[str] = []
+        # Signal for all readers to finish
+        all_readers_finished.set()
 
-    async def read_task(i: int) -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
-        log.append(f"read_{i}_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.2)
-        log.append(f"read_{i}_released")
-        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
-
-    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        for i in range(5):
-            nursery.start_soon(read_task, i)
-
-    acquires = [entry for entry in log if "acquired" in entry]
-    releases = [entry for entry in log if "released" in entry]
-
-    assert len(acquires) == 5 and len(releases) == 5, "Not all reads executed"
-    assert all(
-        log.index(acq) < min(log.index(rel) for rel in releases) for acq in acquires
-    ), f"Reads didn't overlap properly: {log}"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.trio
-async def test_only_one_write_allowed(
-    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
-) -> None:
-    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
-    log: list[str] = []
-
-    async def write_task(i: int) -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
-        log.append(f"write_{i}_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.2)
-        log.append(f"write_{i}_released")
-        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
-
-    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        for i in range(5):
-            nursery.start_soon(write_task, i)
-
-    active = 0
-    for entry in log:
-        if "acquired" in entry:
-            active += 1
-        elif "released" in entry:
-            active -= 1
-        assert active <= 1, f"More than one write active: {log}"
-    assert active == 0, f"Write locks not properly released: {log}"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.trio
-async def test_interleaved_read_write_behavior(
-    stream_with_lock: tuple[MplexStream, trio.MemorySendChannel[bytes]],
-) -> None:
-    stream, _ = stream_with_lock
-    log: list[str] = []
-
-    async def read(i: int) -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_read()
-        log.append(f"read_{i}_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.15)
-        log.append(f"read_{i}_released")
-        await stream.rw_lock.release_read()
-
-    async def write(i: int) -> None:
-        await stream.rw_lock.acquire_write()
-        log.append(f"write_{i}_acquired")
-        await trio.sleep(0.2)
-        log.append(f"write_{i}_released")
-        stream.rw_lock.release_write()
-
-    async with trio.open_nursery() as nursery:
-        nursery.start_soon(read, 1)
-        await trio.sleep(0.05)
-        nursery.start_soon(read, 2)
-        await trio.sleep(0.05)
-        nursery.start_soon(write, 1)
-        await trio.sleep(0.05)
-        nursery.start_soon(read, 3)
-        await trio.sleep(0.05)
-        nursery.start_soon(write, 2)
-
-    read1_released = log.index("read_1_released")
-    read2_released = log.index("read_2_released")
-    write1_acquired = log.index("write_1_acquired")
-    assert write1_acquired > read1_released and write1_acquired > read2_released, (
-        f"write_1 acquired too early: {log}"
-    )
-
-    read3_acquired = log.index("read_3_acquired")
-    read3_released = log.index("read_3_released")
-    write1_released = log.index("write_1_released")
-    assert read3_released < write1_acquired or read3_acquired > write1_released, (
-        f"read_3 improperly overlapped with write_1: {log}"
-    )
-
-    write2_acquired = log.index("write_2_acquired")
-    assert write2_acquired > write1_released, f"write_2 started too early: {log}"
+        # Verify they exit cleanly
+        await wait_all_tasks_blocked()
+        async with lock:
+            assert counters["readers_in_critical_section"] == 0

From c9162beb2bd390050e4dd0e824c8550be8443a61 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jinesh Jain <732005jinesh@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2025 20:55:32 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 10/10] add grave that were removed by mistake

---
 libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py | 24 +++++++++++------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
index 7e439160..77546036 100644
--- a/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
+++ b/libp2p/stream_muxer/mplex/mplex_stream.py
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
 
     name: str
     stream_id: StreamID
-    # NOTE: All methods used here are part of Mplex which is a derived
+    # NOTE: All methods used here are part of `Mplex` which is a derived
     # class of IMuxedConn. Ignoring this type assignment should not pose
     # any risk.
     muxed_conn: "Mplex"  # type: ignore[assignment]
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
     rw_lock: ReadWriteLock
     close_lock: trio.Lock
 
-    # NOTE: dataIn is size of 8 in Go implementation.
+    # NOTE: `dataIn` is size of 8 in Go implementation.
     incoming_data_channel: "trio.MemoryReceiveChannel[bytes]"
 
     event_local_closed: trio.Event
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
 
     async def read(self, n: int | None = None) -> bytes:
         """
-        Read up to n bytes. Read possibly returns fewer than n bytes, if
-        there are not enough bytes in the Mplex buffer. If n is None, read
+        Read up to n bytes. Read possibly returns fewer than `n` bytes, if
+        there are not enough bytes in the Mplex buffer. If `n is None`, read
         until EOF.
 
         :param n: number of bytes to read
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
         async with self.rw_lock.read_lock():
             if n is not None and n < 0:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    "the number of bytes to read n must be non-negative or "
-                    f"None to indicate read until EOF, got n={n}"
+                    "the number of bytes to read `n` must be non-negative or "
+                    f"`None` to indicate read until EOF, got n={n}"
                 )
             if self.event_reset.is_set():
                 raise MplexStreamReset
@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
                 except trio.EndOfChannel:
                     raise MplexStreamEOF
                 except trio.WouldBlock:
-                    # We know receive will be blocked here. Wait for data here with
-                    # receive and catch all kinds of errors here.
+                    # We know `receive` will be blocked here. Wait for data here with
+                    # `receive` and catch all kinds of errors here.
                     try:
                         data = await self.incoming_data_channel.receive()
                         self._buf.extend(data)
@@ -213,12 +213,12 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
                         if self.event_remote_closed.is_set():
                             raise MplexStreamEOF
                     except trio.ClosedResourceError as error:
-                        # Probably incoming_data_channel is closed in reset when we are
-                        # waiting for receive.
+                        # Probably `incoming_data_channel` is closed in `reset` when
+                        # we are waiting for `receive`.
                         if self.event_reset.is_set():
                             raise MplexStreamReset
                         raise Exception(
-                            "incoming_data_channel is closed but stream is not reset. "
+                            "`incoming_data_channel` is closed but stream is not reset."
                             "This should never happen."
                         ) from error
             self._buf.extend(self._read_return_when_blocked())
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ class MplexStream(IMuxedStream):
         flag = (
             HeaderTags.CloseInitiator if self.is_initiator else HeaderTags.CloseReceiver
         )
-        # TODO: Raise when muxed_conn.send_message fails and Mplex isn't shutdown.
+        # TODO: Raise when `muxed_conn.send_message` fails and `Mplex` isn't shutdown.
         await self.muxed_conn.send_message(flag, None, self.stream_id)
 
         _is_remote_closed: bool